Depression in adolescents is widespread, but in Malaysia, the number is still unknown.
Even though the data regarding the prevalence of depression in adolescents is still lacking, efforts have been made to study the risk factors contributing to the development of depression in this group.
Understanding the risk factors of depression in adolescents is important in order to recognise children at risk and in preventing, managing, and minimising the underlying risks.
A research conducted by Dr Ramli Musa from the Department of Psychiatry, International Islamic University Malaysia in 2008 found several factors associated with depression in secondary school students.
Students who came from dysfunctional families, such as those who were raised by a single parent or divorced parents, are more susceptible to developing depression.
Depression was also found to be prevalent in students from low socioeconomic status groups.
Recognising symptoms of depression in adolescents is also important, so early intervention can be made and any symptoms can be prevented.
The symptoms of depression in adolescents include sleep and appetite disturbances such as excessive sleep and weight loss, lack of energy, tiredness, prone to reckless behaviours such as vandalism and deliquency, appearing to be hopeless and helpless, as well as suicidal ideation.
In Malaysia, teenagers who display symptoms of depression will be referred to psychiatrists by their school counsellors or parents for further assessments and treatment.
The psychiatrist may check if the referred teenager has symptoms of depression, before informing the patient of his or her diagnosis as well as recommending suitable treatment.
The treatment for adolescents with depression include cognitive behavioural therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, the prescribing of antidepressants, and psychosocial intervention.
If you find yourself struggling with mental health, please call these support hotlines for help: 03-7956 8145 (Befrienders) or 03-7732 2414 (MIASA).
Siti Aisyah Mohd Nasir is a Master’s degree candidate in developmental psychology at International Islamic University Malaysia.
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